VITAMIN D LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8266768Keywords:
Insulin resistance, vitamin D, HbA1cAbstract
*The abstract of this article was presented as an oral presentation at the 3rd INTERNATIONAL ZEUGMA CONFERENCE ON SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES (November 22-24, 2019 GAZIANTEP, TURKEY).
ABSTRACT
Introduction-Aim: Insulin resistance is the decrease in the response of target tissues (muscle, liver and adipose tissue) to insulin. Insulin resistance is thought to be one of the primary defects underlying the development of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Vitamin D is a steroid prohormone that is produced mainly from 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin under the influence of ultraviolet light, and is responsible for regulating blood levels of calcium and phosphorus and maintaining the proper continuation of bone turnover. The results of recent studies show that vitamin D deficiency is associated with insulin resistance, T2DM and metabolic syndrome. The positive effects of vitamin D replacement on the treatment of patients with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus were determined. It has been shown that low vitamin D levels are associated with insulin resistance in non-diabetic obese individuals. It has been observed that vitamin D insufficiency is an increasing public health problem in developed and developing countries. It has been understood that vitamin D has many important functions apart from its classical effects on the bone-muscle system. Vitamin D has been found to be associated with chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and T2DM. It has been determined that 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in the blood are associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes.
The aim of this study is to examine vitamin D levels in individuals with high insulin resistance (HOMA-IR values), which is an indicator of insulin sensitivity in the whole body. In this study, it was aimed to compare 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations between individuals without a history of insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and any disease and those with insulin resistance, and to investigate the possible effects of vitamin D on glucose homeostasis.
Method: The cases were divided into 2 groups as those with and without insulin resistance. Vitamin D levels of both groups were compared. The Homeostasis Model Evaluation score of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated with the formula: HOMA-IR=[fasting glucose (mg/dl) X fasting insulin (µU/ml)]/405. Those with a HOMA-IR score of ≥ 2.5 were considered to have insulin resistance. A total of 58 patients with insulin resistance (43 females, 15 males, mean age; 36.20±13.25 years) and a control group of 56 individuals (48 females, 8 males, mean age; 35.14±10.96 years) without insulin resistance were included in the study.
Results: When the vitamin D levels of the control group and the patients with insulin resistance were compared, the vitamin D levels were found to be low in the insulin resistance group, but it was not statistically significant (27.67±9.71 ng/ml and 24.27±10.09 ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.07).
Conclusion: The results of recent studies show that vitamin D deficiency is associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. In this study, we did not find a significant difference in 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between the groups. Further studies are needed to determine the interaction between insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and vitamin D.
Keywords: Insulin resistance, vitamin D, HbA1c
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