GEODESIC WORKS IN HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION AND HIGHWAY GEOMETRY

Abstract

In this study, geodesic works during highway (tunnel) construction and project with highway geometry are investigated. Due to unplanned and irregular urbanization, intense migration to cities, increase in population, reduction of soils, reconstruction rants, bureaucratic and bulky structure of public institutions, our cities are suppresses heavily in physical and social aspects and they cannot carry this load anymore. The increase in population and economic development and vehicles have caused to traffic, air, noise and environmental pollution. In recent years, the air, marine and highway transportation are getting important, major highway and tunnel projects are completed and some of them are still in progress to ease the transportation problem in the country. The geodesic and other related studies have been described during the highway (tunnel) projects. Project speed, horizontal curve, vertical curve, transition curve, longitudinal slope, expropriation width, super elevation, position visibility distance, transition visibility distance, horizontal axis, vertical axis, type of cross section elements, topography, traffic survey and vehicle properties like from highway project standards have been mentioned. The most important point to be considered is the establishment of horizontal and vertical geodesic networks for highway (tunnel) construction and projects. Previously geodesic networks are established using only the classical methods, but today they can be established using both classical and GNSS methods. In this study, detailed information is given about the geodesic networks (horizontal and vertical control points) which are created using GNSS and leveling methods for the Honaz Tunnel and connection ways with additional highway routes that are ongoing constructions in Denizli. Additionally, to detect the slip in the ground at the tunnel exit portal, inclinometer measurements were completed and results were also mentioned. The study emphasized the importance of geomatic engineering and geodesic works in highway construction projects and application processes and the employment of both classical and modern methods. Various suggestions have been made about the subject.