NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF SMOKE AND HEAT CONTROL FOR FIRE SCENARIO IN AN UNDERGROUND CAR PARK

Abstract

When ventilation installation is designed in a car park, two main elements should be considered. There are discharge of harmful vehicle exhaust gases and discharge of smoke to outside environment under possible fire scenario. For this purpose, recently, jet fan ventilation systems are commonly preferred to discharge the smoke to sustain the ambient air within breathable limits under possible fire scenario in closed environments such as tunnels, car parks, metro stations etc. Instead of traditional ventilation methods, these systems are preferred due to easy mounting and higher efficiency. In this study, a car park with 50m x 50m x 3m dimensions was used for simulating ventilation with jet fans under fire scenario. Analyses were repeated for different fan flows and different fire sizes. Accordingly, for the first 360 seconds that the fire is the most effective and first aid is necessary, temperature, smoke, and air speed distributions for time and locations were identified inside the car park.