Ejons International Journal on Mathematic, Engineering and Natural Sciences

Investigation of the Possible Effects of Adding Different Amounts of Safflower Oil to Quail Rations on Intestinal Histomorphology

2025-03-19T01:18:21+03:00

In this study, varying amounts of safflower oil were added to the diets of male and female quails of the same age range and the effect of safflower oil on villus length, villus diameter and crypt depth in different parts of the small intestine, which is an important compartment of the digestive system, was investigated. For histomorphological evaluation, samples were taken from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum parts of the small intestine from each subject. The samples were fixed in 10% formalin and turned into paraffin blocks after routine tissue follow-up. Sections taken from paraffinized tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and examined under a light microscope. In the light of the examination, it was observed that increasing amounts of safflower oil use increased the villus length, villus diameter and crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum parts of the small intestine. It was determined that the positive developments in the small intestine villi did not create a significant difference between the genders. As a result, it was observed that the addition of appropriate amount of safflower oil to quail diets increased the length and diameter of the villi in the small intestine and expanded the absorption area during digestion.

Determining the Anxiety Levels of Patients Attending the Oral, Dental, and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic

2025-03-19T03:21:32+03:00

Dental anxiety is a prevalent condition that not only affects individuals' oral and dental health but also leads them to avoid dental care practices. Surgical dental procedures are known to induce the highest levels of anxiety in individuals, and various factors have been shown to affect anxiety during the operation. Some of these factors include gender, age, educational status, and employment status. The aim of the study is to examine these factors and the anxiety levels before and after dental procedures that patients may encounter in the future. A total of 82 systemically healthy individuals participated in the study. All patients were asked to complete demographic information and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I and STAI-II) before the first session of dental surgical treatments. Dental, trait, and state anxiety scores were observed to be higher in female patients compared to male patients. Age, educational status, and employment participation did not yield a significant difference in anxiety scores. According to the data obtained in this study, anxiety levels were observed to be higher in female patients compared to males. Age, educational level, and participation in the workforce did not yield a significant difference in anxiety levels.

First Orbital Period Analysis of QY Cam Eclipsing Binary Star

2025-02-21T13:38:00+03:00

In this study, orbital period analysis of QY Cam eclipsing binary star systems is presented for the first time. Period analysis is performed using the O-C method. Minimum times obtained from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) satellite observations and all minimum times given in the literature are used in the O-C analysis. As a result of the parabolic fit to the O-C diagram of the system, which is made using the least squares method, the quadratic term is found to be -1.16(7)x10^(-9) days. This value of the quadratic term indicates that the orbital period of the system decreases regularly with a rate of 0.029(5) s/year. The physical mechanisms that may cause this decrease in the orbital period are discussed.

The General Structure of the Agricultural Sector and Agricultural Support Practices in Çanakkale Province: A Case of Paddy and Canola Production

2025-02-11T09:48:19+03:00

The agricultural sector is among the most supported sectors globally due to its numerous characteristics. Çanakkale province, due to its agricultural production value and product diversity, is among the leading provinces in the country. This study examines the agricultural structure of Çanakkale province and analyzes the agricultural supports in detail. In this context, the study focuses on rice, which ranks 4th in terms of production quantity nationwide, and canola, which ranks 6th. In the conducted research, it was determined that the unit price of premium support in real terms decreased significantly. The study also revealed that the unit price of diesel and fertilizer support and certified seed use support increased in real terms. In the study, it was found that 75% of rice producers and 66% of canola producers found the unit price of the premium support insufficient. Moreover, 82% of rice producers and 78% of canola producers expressed that they found the unit price of the fuel and fertilizer support insufficient. Furthermore, 85% of rice producers stated that the unit price of the certified seed use support in rice production was also insufficient. In the research conducted, the premium support showed that 3.42% of the production value in paddy and 24.51% in canola. Fertilizer support per unit area can cover only 2.91% of the fertilizer cost in paddy and 3.88% in canola. In the study the calculated rates for diesel are determined as 25.49% in paddy and 15.34% in canola production. However, it is determined that the rate of covering the seed cost of certified seed support is 7.47% in paddy and 19.22% in canola production. The study has shown that the premium support given in paddy and canola production should be determined by taking into account the share of the product income. In addition, the research conducted has revealed that the unit price of diesel and fertilizer support and certified seed use support in paddy and canola production should be determined by taking into account the ratio of meeting the input costs. The research demonstrated that the unit prices of the supports were insufficient and must be determined on a real basis considering the inflation rate.

Agricultural Support Implementations in Türkiye: Oily Sunflower Production-Çanakkale Province Sample

2025-02-11T09:59:11+03:00

The agricultural sector around the world is protected and supported due to some of its essential features. In the report prepared by the OECD considering 54 countries, it is stated that the amount of resources allocated to the agricultural sector on an annual basis in the 2020-2022 period is 851 billion USD and the amount of direct transfers to producers is 333 billion USD. Agricultural support payments in Türkiye are paid in accordance with the Agricultural Law No. 5488 passed in 2006. According to article 21 of the Agricultural Law, it is stipulated that the amount of support given to agricultural production cannot be less than 1% of the country's gross national income. However, while the share of agricultural support payments in the country's gross domestic product in Türkiye was 0,60% in 2006, this rate decreased to 0,27% in 2022. The present study revealed that only 26,92% of the agricultural support amount which is necessary to be paid to producers in Türkiye in 2022 could be provided. In this study, using the data obtained from 75 agricultural enterprises determined by the Stratified Sampling Method in Çanakkale province, the perspectives of the producers on the agricultural supports applied in oilseed sunflower have been examined. In the study, it has been determined that the rate of benefiting from difference support, diesel and fertilizer support of the producers is over 95%. The research conducted has also showed that 94,67% of the producers did not find the difference support unit price sufficient. According to the findings of the research, 92% of the producers declared that the unit price of diesel support and 86,67% of the fertilizer support unit price were not sufficient. According to the results of the study, 37,33% of the producers reported that the supports applied in oilseed sunflower caused a decrease in product cost, while 8% reported that they caused an increase in product income. Considering the average sunflower yield amount of 236,93 kg/da in the enterprises examined, the research revealed that while the product income excluding supports was 515,32 TL/da, this value reached 639,09 TL/da including supports. In other words, the agricultural supports applied to oilseed sunflower increased the product income by 24,02%. However, when this amount and the rate of increase are compared with other research findings, it is seen that the contribution of agricultural supports to oilseed sunflower product income decreases both at real level and proportionally every year in Türkiye compared to the previous year. In this context, in order to make oilseed sunflower production more attractive throughout the country; the effect of the differential support unit price on the level of producer income increase, and the unit prices of diesel, fertilizer and seed support should be determined on a real basis, taking into account the shares of the specified inputs in the product cost. In order to increase the production of oilseed sunflower throughout the country, the current study reveals that it is of great importance to make production in irrigated areas, to give more space to this product in marginal areas, and to use seeds with higher oil content.

Effect of Greenhouses on Vegetable Production

2025-03-01T12:15:49+03:00

Vegetable production in greenhouses has become widespread in recent years because the production is less damaged by adverse weather conditions than in open fields. The economic nature of the covering materials used in greenhouses is also an important reason for the spread of greenhouse farming. Compared to other covering materials, polyethylene greenhouse covering has become widespread due to its easy supply, cheapness and ease of use. Although glass covered greenhouses and greenhouses with hard plastic covering called polycarbonate, polyethylene covered greenhouses are not cheap and easy to supply, large companies use them for large-scale production (domestic and international markets). Since the use of heating systems is widespread in glass greenhouses, it is possible to produce vegetables by using heating and lighting in the winter season. Polyethylene cover material and polycarbonate greenhouses are mostly used for early season vegetable production as heating. In greenhouse vegetable production, the plants are not affected much by the adverse environmental and climatic conditions experienced during the production period, which eliminates product losses. Less labor is spent thanks to automation in cultural processes carried out in the greenhouse. In addition, vegetable production in the form of soilless agriculture, which cannot be done in open areas, is easily done in the greenhouse. The increasing advantages of vegetable production in greenhouses are accelerating the spread of greenhouses day by day.

Effect of Salt Stress on Germination Test and Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) Analysis of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Seeds

2025-02-24T23:03:48+03:00

This study investigates the responses of various tomato genotypes to different salt doses, revealing significant variations in germination outcomes. Distinct differences were observed between salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive genotypes, wherein tolerant genotypes exhibited higher germination rates and shorter germination periods. Scanning electron microscope analysis identified elemental variations, including carbon (C), oxygen (O), calcium (Ca), silicon (Si), sodium (Na), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), chlorine (Cl), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg), contributing to the differing responses among genotypes. In salt-sensitive genotypes, an increase in salt doses correlated with delayed germination, decreased germination rates, and notable changes in seed coat cells, including increased shrinkage and reduced cell width and seed hair. Conversely, salt-tolerant genotypes displayed potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) elements, further emphasizing their resilience to salt stress. This study underscores the importance of selecting salt-tolerant tomato genotypes in saline environments to mitigate germination losses compared to their sensitive counterparts. The findings provide valuable insights for enhancing salt tolerance in tomato plants, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices.

TESS Photometric Analysis of Eclipsing Binary Stars V765 Aur and V638 Vir

2025-02-11T09:56:08+03:00

Light curve solutions of eclipsing binary star systems V765 Aur and V638 Vir are presented for the first time in this study. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) observations were used as observational data. From the light curve solutions, it was seen that both components forming V765 Aur and V638 Vir did not fill their Roche lobes. Absolute parameter values of systems considered were estimated using light curve solution parameters. Accordingly, mass and radius values of primary and secondary components forming V765 Aur system were calculated as M_1=1.58±0.16 M_⊙ and R_1=1.47±0.12 R_⊙, and M_2=0.46±0.10 M_⊙ and R_2=1.27±0.26 R_⊙, respectively. Mass and radius values of primary and secondary components of V638 Vir system were obtained as M_1=1.23±0.12 M_⊙ and R_1=1.63±0.11〖 R〗_⊙, and M_2=0.16±0.06 M_⊙ and R_2=1.40±0.23 R_⊙, respectively.

Determination of Factors Affecting Nurses' Compliance with Standard Precautions

2025-03-14T12:05:13+03:00

Nurses’ compliance with standard precautions is important in reducing hospital infections. This study was conducted with a descriptive design to determine the factors affecting nurses' compliance with standard precautions. The sample of the study consists of 440 nurses. The study was conducted in the largest city hospital in Turkey. In the collection of data, a questionnaire form was used to collect the participants' socio-demographic characteristics, standard precaution knowledge, compliance with standard precautions and general self-efficacy scale. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests were used in statistical evaluation. Female nurses had higher mean scores on standard precaution knowledge, compliance with standard precautions, and general self-efficacy scales than male nurses. A significant difference was found between the units where nurses worked and their mean scores on compliance with standard precautions, and between their educational status and standard precaution knowledge (p<0.05). In addition, nurses with 1-10 years of experience had higher mean scores on standard precaution knowledge, and nurses with 21 years or more had higher mean scores on compliance with standard precautions and general self-efficacy scales. In order to increase nurses' compliance with standard precautions, continuity of in-service training and elimination of negative factors affecting compliance may be recommended.

Evaluation of Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: The Example of Ankara City Hospital

2025-03-14T12:01:49+03:00

This study was conducted to determine the quality of life of patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The study was conducted in a bone marrow transplantation unit of a hospital in Ankara between August and November 2021 with 18 patients. A questionnaire form including the socio-demographic characteristics of the patients and the Quality of Life Assessment Scale was used to collect data. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, Croncbach's alpha coefficient, independent samples T test, dependent samples T test, Mann Whitney-U test and Kruskall-Wallis test were used in the SPSS 24.0 package program. The average age of the individuals participating in the study was 39.66, 66.7% were male, 83.3% were married, 55.6% had an income equal to their expenses, 77.8% had a nuclear family, 50% resided in the province, 55.6% were of normal weight, 61.1% were found to have effective hematopoietic stem cell therapy, and 55.6% had their own cell transplant. A difference was found between the mean scores of the Quality of Life Assessment Scale and patients who had transplantation from their own cells (p<0.05). It can be said that the quality of life of the patients was at a good level.

Vitamın C in Animals of Economic Value

2025-03-01T22:25:14+03:00

Vitamin C (VC) is water-soluble and synthesized from glucose. D-glucose → d-glucuronic acid → l-gulonic acid → l-gulono-γ-lactone → l-VC. This event occurs in the liver in mammals ruminants and in the kidney in reptiles. The endogenous synthetic capacity of VC decreases in exposure to stress. Ruminants are more sensitive to VC deficiency because VC administered orally is rapidly destroyed by the rumen microflora and alkaline pH. Synthesis begins with glucose in the liver and occurs in the mitochondria via uronic acid. VC is one of the most important antioxidants in extracellular fluids. It also has antioxidant activity inside the cell. Hypochlorite binds and neutralizes peroxide and hydroxy radicals, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and singlet oxygen. Water-soluble vitamins (VCs) must be taken regularly to prevent hypovitaminosis due to their low storage. VC accelerates chemotaxis, promotes the growth and proliferation of lymphocytes, and helps kill bacteria by leukocytes. It also has bacteriostatic activity. The presence of VC significantly inhibits bacterial replication. Additionally, VC prevents lipopolysaccharide-mediated lung injury in sepsis. It also promotes apoptosis and supports immunity by protecting endothelial progenitor cells. It is found in significant amounts in tomatoes, citrus fruits, green leafy vegetables, fruits and milk. It is significantly denatured during pasteurization of milk. Orange and lemon juice contains approximately 0.5 mg VC per ml. In this study, the effect of VC, especially on animals with economic value, was investigated.

Protectiveness of Lutein Against Cisplatin-Induced Pancreatic Toxicity

2025-03-20T22:44:42+03:00

Chemotherapy means using drugs to destroy cancer cells. This treatment can also damage normal healthy cells. This is the most important problem in drug-induced cancer treatment. Cisplatin (C) is in the structure of cis-diamine dichloroplatinum. In the study, the protection of lutein (L) (100mg/kg, oral) against damage caused by cisplatin (C) (10mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.) was investigated. The study was conducted with 28 rats aged 9 weeks. Four groups were formed (n=7): Control, C, L and C + L. Biochemically, serum LP and AL levels were observed to be significantly increased in C compared to control (p<0.05). Serum AL and LP levels decreased significantly in the C + L group compared to the C group (p<0.05). In addition, an increase in glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels and a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed when compared to the C + L, C group (p<0.05). Antioxidant activity increased with the stimulation of L when compared to the C + L, C group. As a result, L; is effective against C-originated pancreatic toxicity. It has the potential to be used successfully in cases of damage to this organ.